U7
必会词语
1. rule n. 规则;习惯;统治，管理 v.统治 ;支配，操纵
e. g. We should always obey the rule . 大家应当时刻遵守纪律。
It’s difficult to rule a class. 管理班级是非常难的。
【常识拓展】ruler n. 统治者；尺子
2. enter v. 进入
e. g. Let’s enter the supermarket to buy something . 让大家去超市买点东西。
【常识拓展】entrance n. 入口
3. loudly adv.大声地
e. g. What happened? The people there are talking loudly.
如何了？那边人说话那样大声。
【反义】quietly ad. 安静地
【常识拓展】 loud a. 大声的
4. mean v表示…….的意思 ;意味，包括 ;计划，意欲
e.g. What do you mean by saying that? 你说那个的意思是？
【常识拓展】meaning n. 意思，意义；含义
5. exit n出口;离开，退场 v. 离去，退场
e. g. I don’t want to exit .我不想离开。
It’s the sign of exit in the supermarket .那是超市里触控的标示。
【反义】exit为名词时反义词为entrance入口 exit为动词时反义词为enter进入
6. centre n. 中心；中央
e. g. They live in the centre of the town.他们住在市中心。
【常识拓展】central adj. 中心的；中央的 in the center of…在……的中心
7. upstairs adv. 在楼上；往楼上
e. g. The boy lives upstairs . 那个男生住在楼上
【反义】downstairs ad. 在楼下；往楼下
【常识拓展】go upstairs/ downstairs 上/下楼
8. middle n. 中间，中央 adj. 中间的，居中的
e. g. I want the toy in the middle .我想要中间那个娃娃。
【常识拓展】in the middle 在……的当中
训练：
I. Read and judge（判断下列划线部分读音是不是相同，并用打“√”“´”表示）
l. b__________sy br__________sh 2. c__________mera c__________tch
3. __________ook __________inema 4. __________air __________icken
5. br__________d h__________d 6. cr__________ c__________cle
7. c__________ bl__________ 8. mou__________ __________ank
Keys: 1. × 2. √ 3. × 4. √ 5.√ 6.√ 7. × 8. √
II. Choose the proper word to complete the sentence.
1. There are many______ in our school.
2. Cross the road. Walk______ !
3. We mustn't______ on the grass.
4. The______ means we can't eat or drink in the classroom.
5. We are walking______ the road.
Keys: 1. rules 2. quickly 3. walk 4. sign 5. across
Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
The in red is our headmaster.
Keep ! My aunt is sleeping.
Be careful when you walk the street.
Don't the teachers' office without permission.
Keys: 1. teacher 2. quiet 3. across 4. enter
2、必会词组
1. rules and signs 规则和标记 rules round us=rules around us
have rules in the classroom 在教室里有规则 have rules in the park
have rules on the road 在马路上有规则 have rules in the library
2. must do 需要做 must keep quiet 需要维持安静
must not do sth.= mustn’t do sth. 不准；禁止做 mustn’t leave rubbish
must not draw on the desks must not pick the flowers mustn’t eat or drink 不准吃或喝
We must not walk on the grass. = Don’t walk on the grass.
We must not play basketball. = Don’t play basketball.
3. wait for 等候 wait for the green man man---men
4. walk on the grass 走在草地上
5. listen to the teachers 听老师
6. run across the road 跑过马路 run across the road=cross the road
7. in the shopping center
8. enter the centre 进入中心 enter=go into=come into, entrance, at the entrance
9. climb the trees 爬树
10. talk loudly 大声交谈 mustn’t talk loudly t = must keep quiet
11. turn left/right 向左/右转. a lift 一部电梯 an escalator 一部自动扶 on the left 在左侧
on the right在右侧 the one on the left/right 在左侧的/右侧的一个.
the one in the middle 在中间的一个
go upstairs 上楼 come upstairs, go downstairs下楼 come downstairs
13. an exit 一个出口
14. chase each other 互相追逐 chase each other=run after each other,
15. keep class rules 遵守班级规则. break class rules 违反班级规则
16. look at the photo of my father and me photo—photos a friend of mine=one of my friends
训练：
IV. Choose the best answer
We must keep the room clean______home.
A. in the B. at C. at the D. in
2. We______rules in the reading room.
A. having B. has C. have D. had
3. We must not eat______drink on the underground.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
4. We must keep____________the library.
A. quite, in B. quite, at C. quiet, in D. quiet, at
5. A: Where can we______the sign?
B: On the road.
A. look B. look for C. find D. find out
Keys: 1. B 2. C 3.B 4. C 5. C
V. Rewrite the sentences as required
We have rules __________.
______ ______we have rules?
We must not leave rubbish in the park.
______ ______rubbish in the park.
We must wait for the green man.
______we______for the green man?
Please wait on the pavement when there is a red light.
Our school______ ______rules in the library.
Keys: 1 .Where do we have rules?
2. We have rules on the road.
3. We have rules in the park.
4. We mustn't eat or drink in the classroom.
5. We must keep quiet in the library.
3、必会要点
1. Do you know?你（们）知不知道？
Do you know?用来询问某人是不是了解某事，比如：
Whose bag is it? Do you know?你了解这是哪个的书包吗？
Do you know __________police station?你了解如何去警察局吗？
2. We must not pick the flowers. 大家不能摘花。
pick the flowers意为“摘花”，比如：
Little boy picked some flowers for his mother. 小孩子为他母亲摘了一些花。
She likes flowers very much, but she never picks the flowers. 她很喜欢花，但她从来不摘花。
【辨析】pick与pick up
你能分辨下面两句句子中，pick和pick up的意思吗？
Don't pick the flowers in the park./Please pick the flowers up and put them in the basket.
前一句中，pick flowers表示“采花”、“摘花”，而后一句中的pick the flowers up表示“把这类花捡起来”。
must为情态动词，意为“需要”，其否定形式为must not，缩略形式为mustn't，意为“不能”。must多表示依谈话人或听话人而定的义务，但仅表目前或以后的义务。比如：
It's late, I must go home. 天晚了，我需要回家。
You must finish your homework on time. 你需要按时做完作业。
You mustn't go to swim in the river. It's too dangerous. 你不能去河里游泳，那非常危险。
You mustn't smoke in the museum. 不能在博物馆里抽烟。
3. What does this sign mean? 这个标志的意思是？
sign在这里意为“牌子，指示牌”用来传达信息，如traffic sign“交通标志”（用来表示速度限制，有弯路，左拐、右拐等的标志）
mean意为“表示……的意思”，在这里作为动词用。在英语交谈中出现的频率非常高。比如：
I mean you can come to my home tomorrow. 我的意思是你明天可以到我家来。
You mean that Mary makes a mistake. 你的意思是玛丽有错.
4. Where must we leave our bicycles?大家需要把自行车放在什么地方？
leave意思是“让某物留在某地”，比如：
Don't leave the dog in the room! 不要把狗留在屋里！
My brother often leaves his umbrella on the school bus. 我弟弟常常把雨伞落在校车上。
5. Which class rules are the students breaking? 学生们违反了什么班级规则？
class rules意为“班级规则”，比如：
What are your class rules? 你们班级规则是什么？
break意为“违反”，指不依从或不服从某事物，不遵守法律，诺言等，比如：break the law违反法律，break the rules违反规则，break a promise违反诺言，break an appointment失约（未能赴约）等。
He was breaking the speed limit. 他违章超速行驶。
Kitty breaks an appointment because of heavy rain. 由于大雨，凯蒂失约了。
6. Keep quiet! 维持安静！
这是一句简单的祈使句，用来需要，命令某人做某事。“keep+形容词”表示让某人／物处在某种状况，比如：Keep still!静止不动！
quiet为形容词“安静的”。这里要特别注意quiet和quite在拼写上有什么区别，不要搞混，比如：
When I get to the classroom, it’s very quiet. 当我到教室的时候，非常安静。
Tom and Jim are quite different. 汤姆和吉姆两人非常不同。
训练：
I. Choose the correct answer.
1 We must not eat drink in the classroom.
A. and B. with C. to D. or
2 What does this sign ?
A. means B. meaning C. mean D. to mean
3 We must not flowers in the park.
A. pick B. picking C. pick up D. picking up
4 I like_______________, but I don't like .
A. eat ... cook B. eating ... cooking
C. eat ... cooking D. cook ... eating
5 We have rules home, the classroom and the road.
A. at ... in ... in B. at ... in ... on
C. in ... in ... on D. in ... at ... on
6 We must our classroom tidy and clean.
A. keep B. let C. make D. clear
7 A policeman usually Garden City a safe place.
A. makes B. making C. made D. make
8 Look at the photograph of my mother and .
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
9 We must follow all the rules us.
A. between B. near C. beside D. round
10 Students should listen to the teachers in class.
A. carefully B. carelessly
C. quickly D. slowly
11 Ben and Kitty are their way to school.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
12 They across the zebra crossing.
A. is running B. are running
C. running D. runs
13 The boy is looking left, right.
A. then B. after C. and D. or
14 On their way home, Betty saw a lot of people near a bank.
A. / B. at C. to D. in
15 'No bicycles' means 'You ride bicycles here.
A. can B. can't C. do D. don't
16 Look out, the red light is on. cross the road!
A. Can't B. Don't C. Please D. Do
Keys: 1D 2 C 3A 4B 5B 6A 7A 8B 9D 10 A 11 C 12 B 13 A 14 A 15 B 16 B
Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
What you ?
People must the rules.
Were you going to help the farmers apples?
I don't like but my mother does.
Would you like the birds?
Keys: 1. do, mean 2. follow 3. pick 4. cooking 5. to feed
III. Rewrite the following sentences as required.
We can find this sign __________.
_____________ can we this sign?
We have rules on the road.
________________you rules on the road?
We should obey the rules round us. It's very important.
It's very important us obey the rules round us.
I've been to Hong Kong __________.
______________ ______________ ______________ have you been to Hong Kong?
Don't walk on the grass.
You walk on the grass.
Keys: 1. Where, find 2. Do, have 3. for, to 4. How many times 5.mustn't
必会语法
祈使句：
1、基本定义
祈使句一般用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you一般省略；谓语动词一律用原形；句末用惊叹号或句号；用降调来读。
2、基本分类
祈使句有一定式和否定式两种：
一定式祈使句。它直接用动词（包含及物动词和不及物动词）原形作为句子的开头。比如：
Be careful next time. 下次细心点。
STOP speaking! Listen to me, please! 不要说了！请听我说！
否定祈使句。直接在谓语动词前加don't，即“Don't十一定式祈使句”即可。
表示不要做某事，后面接动词原形。比如：
Don’t walk on the grass. 不要在草地上走。
Don’t talk loudly in the library不要在图书馆大声说话。
Don’ t turn left! 禁止左转弯！
例句中turn的意思是“改换方向，转弯”，比如：
It's time we turned and went back home. 大家该返回家去了。
She turned to look at me. 她转过来看着我。
核心考点: 祈使句+and/or+一般以后时的陈述句
1. __________ more, and you’ll improve your spoken English.
A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak
2. Hurry up, ________ you can’t finish the work on time.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
Keys: AD
【课堂训练】
1. Boys and girls, __________ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp.
A. putting B. to put C. put D. putted
2. “__________ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health.” Father said.
A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes
3. __________ this kind of peach, and you will like it.
A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried
4. Her doctor said, “__________ work so hard.”
A. STOP B. Don’t C. Can’t D. No
5. __________ him the secret, will you?
A. Don’t tell B. Not to tell C. Not telling D. No telling
6.__________ to be here at 8 o’clock, Sandy.
A. Is sure B. Is sure that C. Will be sure D. Be sure
7. ___________draw a monkey.
A. Let B. Lets C. Let's D. lets’
8._________paking here, sir!
A. Do B. Don’t C. No D. Not
Keys: CCCB ADCC
情态动词：
1、基本定义及特点
定义：情态动词是一种本身有肯定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一块用，给谓语动词增添感情色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和怎么看，觉得其可能、应该或必要等的动词。
特点 ：
不可以单独作谓语，须和行为动词或系动词连用一同构成谓语;
无人称和数的变化;
后接动词原形（do/be）
具备助动词用途（可用来构成否定句，疑问句及简明回答
2、使用方法解析
1、情态动词基本使用方法
1）can/could
表示能力，意为“能、会”。
Two eyes can see more than one.
Could the girl read she went to school?
⑵ 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，等于may。
You can go now.
Can I have a look at your new pen?
He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room.
⑶ 较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述怎么看。
Can you lend me a hand?
注意：情态动词的过去式除去表示过去的时间这一使用方法外，更多时候表达一种比原形更为委婉客气的语气。特别在出目前宾语从句主句中时，并不影响从句的时态。
2）may/might
⑴ 表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指目前时间，语气更委婉。
You may take whatever you like.
He told me that I might smoke in the room.
May I ask for photo your baby?
⑵ 表示祝愿，常用于倒装结构中：
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
May all your dreams come true! 愿你梦想成真！
3）must
⑴ 表示“需要”、“应当”。
We must love our country.大家要热爱祖国。
I must take a day off tomorrow.我明天需要请一天假。
⑵ must的否定式（mustn’t）表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等，语气比较强烈。
You mustn’t speak loudly in the library.不许在图书馆大声喧哗。
We mustn’t waste our time.大家不应该费时。
4）need
⑴ 作情态动词时，接动词原形。仅用于否定句和疑问句，否定直接加not（needn’t）
—Need we leave soon?
—Yes, you must.
You needn't have hurried.
作实义动词时，接带to的不定式。否定和疑问借用助动词完成（如 did you need？didn't need）
He needs to see a doctor.
They didn't need to start so early.
训练：
用 can 或 could 填空.
I'm really hungry. I eat a horse!
It's so nice here. I stay here all day but I have to go.
"I can't find my bag. Have you seen it?" "No, but it_____________ be in the car."
Peter is a musician. He plays the violin and he____________ also play the piano.
Keys: 1) could 2) could 3) could 4) can 5) could
选择最好答案填空：
1) — I borrow your MP3?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
2) You go and ask Meimei. She know the answer.
A. must; can B. must; may C. need; can D. can; may
3) I'm not sure if I'll be free then. I working that weekend.
A. must be B. should be C. may be D. can be
4) — I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum?
—Yes, you .
A. Must; can B. May; may C. Need; need D. May; need
5) Peter come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
Keys： 1)A 2) D 3) C 4) B 5) B
选择填空。
1. Students __________ wear uniforms at school.
A. must B. can C. may D. need
2. We __________ talk or speak loudly in public places like hospitals, libraries or cinemas.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. don’t.
3. __________ you tell me how to improve my memory?
A. Do B. Can C. Must D. Should
4. I __________ neither read nor write at that time.
A. can B. may C. must D. could
5. The conductor said I __________ get off at the next sTOP.
A. must B. had to C. have to D. would have to
6. You __________ talk so loud.
A. don’t have B. needn’t C. don’t need D. not need
7. Children __________ cross busy streets to go to school.
A. haven’t to B. don’t have C. don’t have to D. not have to
8. — Can children under the age of ten ride bicycles in the city?
— No. According to the law, they __________ .
A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
9.— Must I water the flowers today?
— __________ . It’s going to rain.
A. No, you needn’t B. No, you can’t
C. No, you may not. D. Yes, you must
10. — __________ I park my car here?
—Sorry, l’m afraid you __________ . Can you see the sign “No Parking” here?
A. Can... can B. Need... may not
C. May... can’t D. May... needn’t
Keys: 1-5 ABBDD 6-10 BCCAC
情态动词在表示许可、猜测时的使用方法不同
猜测 | 不可能 | can’t |
可能 | may | |
肯定 | must | |
许可 | 可以 | Can，may |
不能 | can’t，mustn’t |
【重点学会】对许可提问的应答
Can I …? | Yes, you can/ may. No, you can’t / mustn’t . |
May I …? | 同上 |
Must I…? | Yes, you must . No, you needn’t. = No, you don’t have to. |
