英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的实行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2被动语态的结构助动词 be+过去分词 done+（by 施动者）
例句：He is often asked to do this work .
他时常（被老板）需要做这工作。
Are your clothes washed by yourself？
你的衣服是你一个人洗的吗？
3不同时态下的被动语态时态 | 主动语态（ do） | 被动语态（be+done） | 例句 | |||||||
一般目前时 | do / does | am/is/are + done | Such songs are usually sung by girls. | |||||||
这类歌一般是女生们唱的。 | ||||||||||
一般过去时 | did | was/were + done | The window was broken by my son. | |||||||
窗子是我儿子打破的。 | ||||||||||
一般以后时 | will/shall/be | will/shall/be going | to | The classroom will be cleaned soon. | ||||||
going to + do | +be done | 教室非常快要被打扫了。 | ||||||||
Arethebabies____________by | ||||||||||
目前进行时 | am/is/are+ | am/is/are + being | this | |||||||
doing | done | nurse？ | ||||||||
这类婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？ | ||||||||||
过去进行时 | was/were+ | was/were + being | The teaching plan was being discussed at | |||||||
doing | done | that time. | ||||||||
那时正在讨论教学计划。 | ||||||||||
目前完成时 | have/has+ | have/has + been | Many foreign films ___________on TV since | |||||||
done | done | last month. | ||||||||
上个月以来，电视中播放了很多外国影片。 | ||||||||||
过去完成时 | had + done | had + been done | She told me that she had been dismissed by | |||||||
her boss. | ||||||||||
她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。 | ||||||||||
含有情态动 | can/may/must | can/may/must + | be | More trees ____________ on the mountains. | ||||||
词 | +do | done | 山上应该种更多的树。 | |||||||
1．（2016•镇江）Last year，five Chinese teachers_____to a school in the UK to teach
the British students in Chinese style for four weeks．（ ）
A．was sent B．were sent C．have sent D．sent
【解答】答案：B。第一依据句中的时间状语 last year，判断句子中的谓语动词用一般过去时，主语 five Chinese teachers 是谓语动词 send 的承受者，二者形成被动关系所以用被动语态，故该空处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词，主语 five Chinese teachers 是复数名词，be 动词用 were，send 的过去分词是 sent，套用结构，故选 B
2．（2016•陕西）Football to our school subjects last year．（ ）
A．is added B．Adds C．was added D．added
【解答】答案：C。第一依据句中的时间状语 last year，判断句子中的谓语动词用一般过去时，主语 Football 是谓语动词 add 的承受者，二者形成被动关系所以用被动语态，故该空处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词，主语 Football 是单数名词， be 动词用 was，add 的过去分词是 added，套用结构，故选 C
3．（2016•江西）I plan to build an unusual house．It out of old things．（ ）
A．is built B．has built
C．was built D．will be built
【解答】【答案】D。结合句子的意思可知我计划建一座独一无二的房屋，所以时态应为一般以后时态，即主语+will+动词原形．又知 it 指代的是 house（房屋），它是动词 build（建造）的承受者，二者是被动关系，应用被动语态，即 be+过去分词．综上所述，此处应用一般以后时的被动语态，即 will+be+过去分词，所以此处应用 will be bulit，故选 D．
4．（2015•孝感）﹣How often do I need to feed the dog？
﹣It ________ food every day，or it will be hungry．（ ）
A．must give B．must be give
C．must gave D．must be given
【解答】句子主语是 it，代指狗，it 和 give 之间应是被动关系，选项中含有 must，所以是含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词．故答案为 D
5．（2015•龙安区模拟）Mary__________the song at a party．（ ）
A．heard sing B．was heard singing
C．was heard to sing D．was heard sing
【解答】hear 是"听见"的意思．"听见某人做某事"为"hear sb do sth"，这是主动形式，其被动形式为"sb be heard to do sth"意为"某人被听见做某事"．"在一个聚会上"说明事情发生完了，要用一般过去时，依据所给的选项，句意应该为"Mary 被听见"，故要用一般过去式的被动语态，B 和 C 都是，但 B 选项强调的是过去的某个时间正在发生，而本句强调的是结果，故选 C．
6．（2012•随州）﹣When and where to spend the holiday _________ yet．
﹣Let's make it now．（ ）
A．is decided B．doesn't decide
C．has not been decided D．has decided
【解答】答案：C 依据 yet 可知，这是目前完成时的标志词，且 yet 用于否定句．又知 holiday 是动词 decide 的承受者，二者是被动关系，所以此处应用目前完成时态否定形式的被动语态，其结构是 haven't/hasn't+been+过去分词．又知 holiday 是单数，所以此处应用 has not been decided．故选 C．
7．（2016•黄冈模拟）﹣Wow! Your new house is so beautiful! When did you build it？
﹣Not too long! My old house __________ one and a half years ago!（ ）
A．pulled down B．is pulled down
C．was pulling down D．was pulled down
【解答】答案：D．第一依据时间状语 one and a half years ago，判断句子中的谓语动词用一般过去时，主语 My old house 是动作 pull down 的承受者，表示"房屋被拆迁"，所以用被动语态，一般过去时被动语态的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词，故选 D．
