I. Grammar
做题指导：
1）不给动词；依据上下文填词，只能填冠词、代词、介词、连词、情态动词中的一种。 2）给动词；依据上下文，填动词的适合形式，不能改变词性。 3）给形容词或副词；依据上下文，填比较级或最高级。
I’m telling this brilliant book, called The Great Kapok Tree. It’s by Lynne Cherry. My parents gave it to me __1__ my birthday present and I just __2__ hardly put it down.
The story __3__ in the tropical Amazon rainforest. The author visited the rainforest __4__ she could find out about what was happening for herself. As I’m sure you know, man is cutting down so many of the trees there. A lot of animals and plants are in danger __5__ this.
So, here’s what happens in the story. The main character is the woodcutter. He comes into the wood with an axe in his hand. All the animals __6__ happily in the forest. As soon as they see the man, they sTOP __7__ and become quiet. They know what the woodcutter’s job is – to cut down the great kapok tree. But it’s the __8__ tree in the forest and the rainforest is very hot. The woodcutter soon gets tired and falls asleep under the tree. As he sleeps, all the animals come up to him and whisper in his ear. One of them says to the woodcutter, “What happens tomorrow depends on what you do today. If you destroy our home, we __9__ nowhere to live. Please think twice.”
The woodcutter wakes up but I’m not going to tell you what happens in the end. You’ll have to read the book to see __10__ he cuts the great kapok tree down or not.
II. Vocabulary
The unique features of colleges and universities in the U.S. are hardly shared by their competitors in Europe or Asia. Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular U.S. college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance for them to absorb the surrounding culture. Clubs, sports teams, student publications and drama societies __11__ colorful and enjoyable American campus life. However, few foreign universities put much emphasis on this. “In people’s minds, the campus and the American university are both admirable,” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America people have a strong __12__ that a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience.”
Foreign students also come in search of __13__. America’s menu of options – research universities, state institutions, private liberal-arts schools, community colleges, religious institutions – is __14__. Not any single European country can offer such variety. “In Europe,” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge. “there is only one system, and that is it.” From the beginning, students overseas usually are required to __15__ professional skills in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry. Most American universities __16__ that students have a try on natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration.
Such __17__ philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan, universities are __18__ only to a ministry of education, which sets academic standards and provides money.
Centralization is likely to __19__ that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level. On the other hand, it may also __20__ the testing of different ideas. “When they make mistakes, they make big ones,” says Robert Rosenzweig, president of the Association of American University. “They set a system in wrong directions, and it’s like piloting a super ship.”
III. Cloze
I guess I should look upon it as a sweet proof of my tastes. My 17-year-old son, who had for so long __21__ my choice of clothing, now __22__ searches through my closet. Wasn’t it only yesterday that he had turned up his nose at my clothes? When Alyosha was in middle school and __23__ beginning to look at his father as a creature from outer space, I had once __24__ to suggest buying a pair of chinoswhile we were shopping. He said nothing but selected a pair of outsized jeans. He __25__ it on. “Too __26__,” I pronounced. “Just right,” was his reply, __27__ he admired himself in the mirror, completely __28__ with the image. I think that set the tone for the next four years.
__29__ began to change about a year ago. I remember the __30__ day. I had gone to my __31__ in search of a favorite T-shirt. I couldn’t find it, __32__ it appeared later in the day when Alyosha returned home from school. “That’s my shirt,” I said. “Yeah, I know,” said Alyosha as he __33__ for the fridge. Since that time, he often—and __34__ warning—searched for the new and different in my closet. I asked Alyosha why he wore my clothes. “I like some of them,” he smiled. Warmed by his words, I __35__ my tongue as he slipped into a pair of my trousers.
21. A. based on B. looked down on C. set on D. thought highly of
22. A. interestedly B. hurriedly C. disappointedly D. almost
23. A. tried B. managed C. longed D. persuaded
24. A. tried B. managed C. longed D. persuaded
25. A. put B. tried C. had D. wore
26. A. big B. tight C. cheap D. expensive
27. A. because B. though C. until D. as
28. A. worried B. satisfied C. proud D. nervous
29. A. Things B. Times C. Manners D. Tastes
30. A. first B. exact C. only D. single
31. A. house B. store C. office D. closet
32. A. and B. unless C. but D. so
33. A. headed B. looked C. searched D. walked
34. A. about B. with C. on D. without
35. A. took B. held C. got D. moved
IV. Reading
Section A
Nine-year-old Rubina Ali and Azharuddin Ismail took part in the Oscar ceremony on the red carpet where they smiled and repeated their disbelief in what was happening to them. Both of them were living a very different life and apparently loving every minute of it.
The two child stars who acted in Slumdog Millionaire, know the Indian slum well. It’s where they’ve grown up, and it’s where they will return at the end of their Hollywood dream trip.
To their surprise, the film won the first place. By that time, it was late morning in the children’s home city of Mumbai, where their family, friends and many fellow residents of the slum watched the results from Hollywood.
“I don’t really know what the Oscars are,” Rubina’s mom said. “I’m just glad my daughter looks happy, though she told me she missed Indian food.”
The Oscar success of “Slumdog” doesn’t show every aspect of their daily lives. The poverty and lack of opportunities are the central themes of the film.
“Our children lead a dog’s life,” Rubina’s mother said. She pointed out that rubbish was everywhere in the Indian slum and it was impossible for children to go to school.
In a few days the two children will be back in Mumbai and back in the slums that are their home. However, according to media reports, Boyle has promised to help the children who he chose from the slums and make them study in a proper school.
36. From the first paragraph, we can know that ________.
A. the two children gave a performance on the red carpet
B. the two children are ten years old and study in America
C. the two children didn’t care about the ceremony at all
D. neither of them had thought they would be asked to be present at the ceremony
37. The two children were chosen to act in the film because ________.
A. their life was similar to that in the film B. they learned acting before
C. they were good at acting D. they were lovely and clever
38. Where did the reporter interview Rubina’s mother?
A. In America. B. In Australia. C. In India. D. In France.
39. Which of the following is supported by the passage?
A. The two children came from different cities.
B. Children in Indian slums don’t have opportunities to study.
C. The Indian slum doesn’t have any furniture but it is very clean.
D. The theme of the movie is the braveness of people in slums.
Getting kids to share their toys is a never-ending battle, and forcing them to do so never seems to help. New research suggests that allowing children to make a choice to sacrifice their own toys in order to share with someone else makes them share more in the future. The new findings are published in Psychological Science.
These experiments were conducted by psychological scientists, Nadia Chernyak and Tamar Kushnir of Cornell University. They found that sharing things with others when they are given a difficult choice leads children to think of themselves as people who like to share. It also makes them more likely to act in a pro-social （亲社会的）manner in the future.
Previous research has explained why rewarding children for sharing can __________. Children come to think of themselves as people who don’t like to share since they had to be rewarded for doing so. Because they don’t view themselves as “sharers”, they are less likely to share in the future.
Chernyak and Kushnir were interested in finding out whether freely chosen sacrifice might have the opposite effect on kids’ willingness to share. To test this, the researchers introduced five-year-old children to Doggie, a sad puppet. Some of the children were given a difficult choice: Share a precious sticker with Doggie, or keep it for themselves. Other children were given an easy choice between sharing and putting the sticker away, while children in a third group were required by the researcher to share.
Later on, all the children were introduced to Ellie, another sad puppet. They were given the option of how many stickers to share . The kids who earlier made the difficult choice to help Doggie shared more stickers with Ellie. The children who were initially faced with an easy choice or who were required to give their sticker to Doggie, on the other hand, shared fewer stickers with Ellie. Therefore, children did not benefit from simply giving something up, but rather from willingly choosing to give something up of value.
“You might imagine that making difficult, cosplaytly choices is taxing for young children or even that once children share, they don’t feel the need to do so again,” Chernyak says. “But this wasn’t the case: once children made a difficult decision to give up something for someone else, they were more generous, not less, later on.” Chernyak concludes.
40. ________ helps children to share more in the future.
A. Rewarding children for sharing stickers
B. Requiring children to share their favorite toys
C. Allowing children to share what they don’t need
D. Encouraging children to share precious things willingly
41. The underlined word “backfire” means _________.
A. serve as a push B. have an opposite effect
C. cause anger D. avoid taking things back
42. Those who were required to share give fewer stickers to Ellie because _________.
A. it’s not their own choice B. they regret what they did
C. Ellie is not as sad as Doggie D. they like to share with a real person
43. We can conclude from the passage that _______.
A. parents will never find a way to get children to share toys
B. a gift should be given to make up for children’s sacrifice
C. making difficult choices may influence sharing behavior
D. children pretend to be generous when they are being observed
For over one hundred and fifty years, Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. __44__ Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today. Strauss’ invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world.
Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829, __45__ He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847. Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853, Strauss worked in his brother’s dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. After the gold rush of 1949, Strauss decided to move to the West to seek his fortunes.
Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and cloth. __46__ When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.
In 1873, Strauss received a letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets（铆钉）. This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent. __47__.
By the time Strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to American fashion. He also made a great contribution to America’s clothing industry. The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss’ company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.
V. Phrases
48. She ___________ scientific research when she graduated.
49. Water and other nutritious substances ___________ from the soil by the roots of a plant.
50. Are you ___________ child models who are supposed to stay happily in school?
51. Yuan Longping – a Chinese agricultural scientist, ___________ the father of hybrid rice.
52. With the development of the city these years, more and more factories ___________ urban areas to the countryside.
53. Study shows that dogs can ___________ early detection of cancers by sniffing the person’s breath.
54. It is reported that some icebergs in Arctic areas are melting ___________ global warning.
55. Japanese people ___________ a lot in the leak accident of Fukushima nuclear power plant.
56. He lost his consciousness when he ___________.
57. He tried to join the army but ___________ because of poor health.
VI. Translation
58. 对你为大家所做的所有，大家深表感谢。
59. 我觉得大家两个人固执己见，不让步是不明智的。
60. 不久我便掌握了熟练地操作电脑并幸运地得到了那份秘书工作。
61. 即便花费一生心血，这位杰出的老师也要尽最大努力帮助学生获得新常识，并使他们成为对社会有用的人。
